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		<title>CircleID: Multilinguism</title>
		<link>http://www.circleid.com/</link>
		<description>Latest Multilinguism related postings on CircleID</description>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:rights>Copyright 2008, unless where otherwise noted.</dc:rights>
		<dc:date>2008-12-04T12:22:00-08:00</dc:date>
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			<title>CircleID</title>
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			<title>IGF: To Reach the Next Billion, Internet Needs Multilingual Support</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/igf_next_billion_internet_multilingual_support/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/igf_next_billion_internet_multilingual_support/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[The Internet must support the large number of languages in the world at all levels, including content, hardware, software, and internationalized domain names if it is to reach the next billion people, according to speakers at an Internet Governance Forum (IGF) in Hyderabad, India. "When we talk about Internet for all, we have to go beyond the people who speak English," said Manal Ismail, vice chair of the Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC) of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), on Wednesday. <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/igf_next_billion_internet_multilingual_support/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-12-03T13:10:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>multilinguism</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Internet Governance Forum Opens in Hyderabad, India</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/internet_governance_forum_india/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/internet_governance_forum_india/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[The third meeting of the Internet Governance Forum officially opened today in Hyderabad, India, focusing on the overall issue of "Internet for all." Participants from government, the private sector, civil society and the Internet community are gathering for the next four days to share information, experiences and best practices and to explore how the Internet can be used to its full potential for the benefit of all while combating its use for harmful purposes.The meeting will address five main themes: reaching the next billion; promoting cyber-security and trust; managing critical Internet resources; taking stock and the way forward; and emerging issues -- the Internet of tomorrow. <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/internet_governance_forum_india/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-12-03T12:47:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>multilinguism</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Governments Concerned Over Introduction of New Geographical Top&#45;Level Domains</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/governments_concerned_new_geographical_tld/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/governments_concerned_new_geographical_tld/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[There has been a lot of argument at the 33rd meeting of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) in Cairo, which ends on Friday, about the rules for introducing new top-level domains. If certain governments have their way, ICANN will have to wait before introducing country or regional names as top-level domains (TLDs). They want the procedure for introducing new country domain names (ccTLDs, such as .uk) in non-Latin alphabets to be adopted first. This emerges from a <a href="http://gac.icann.org/web/communiques/gac32com.pdf">report</a> delivered by the Latvian diplomat Janis Karklins, chairman of ICANN's Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC) at the meeting in Cairo. <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/governments_concerned_new_geographical_tld/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-11-07T12:31:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>domain_names</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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			<title>Russian Minister of Telecom and Mass Communications Talks About Cyrillic Domain Names</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20081024_russian_minister_cyrillic_domain_names/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20081024_russian_minister_cyrillic_domain_names/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[Igor Schegolev, the <em>Russian Minister of Telecom and Mass Communications</em> spoke at the opening of the InfoCom 2008 exhibition in Moscow. Among other things, which made news (for example, that the Russian government will be implementing a free and open source based operating system on all computers in the Russian schools), he also made the following remarks - translated by me in English. <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20081024_russian_minister_cyrillic_domain_names/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-10-24T15:29:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>dns</category><category>domain_names</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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		<item>
			<title>A Link to Eternity</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/link_to_eternity/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/link_to_eternity/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[While Google is as secretive about its internal processes and systems as Apple is about product development, every now and then senior people post articles on the official Google blog and offer their thoughts on the development of the web. In the latest posting, two Google engineers, Alfred Spector and Franz Och, look at how search strategies will benefit from the faster computers, greater volumes of data and better algorithms we are likely to see in the next decade, speculating that "we could train our systems to discern not only the characters or place names in a YouTube video or a book, for example, but also to recognise the plot or the symbolism." <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/link_to_eternity/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-09-27T09:19:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>web</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Japan Domain Market Demystified</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/89228_japan_domain_name_market/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/89228_japan_domain_name_market/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[Ever sat at one of the VeriSign "State of the domain" meetings at any of the ICANN meetings? Or read their reports about countries with the greatest opportunity in domains? Almost without question you will learn that Japan is earmarked as the country with the greatest opportunity for growth in the domain market. They take into consideration important factors such as GDP of a country, internet population, and current domain registration levels... <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/89228_japan_domain_name_market/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-09-22T08:42:01-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>domain_names</category><category>domain_registries</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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			<title>Mapping Google</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/89192_mapping_google_world/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/89192_mapping_google_world/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[Byte Level Research has released a new version of its world map illustrating country code Top-Level Domains (ccTLDs) in use by Google for its local search engines. Using information available on Google's Language Tools page, the new map shows over 160 ccTLDs that Google has currently in use including Andorra, Kenya, Ukraine, and Ghana. Why pick Google? John Yunker president of Byte Level Research says that he knows of no other company that hosts localized websites across so many different ccTLDs. Countries the Google currently serves even include <a href="http://www.google.com.cu/">Cuba</a> &mdash; "I doubt many Americans are aware of that."... <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/89192_mapping_google_world/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-09-19T15:38:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>domain_names</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category><category>web</category>
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			<title>Soon in a Mail Box Near You: Internationalized Email Addresses</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/89810_internationalized_email_addresses/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/89810_internationalized_email_addresses/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[The <a href="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/eai-charter.html">EAI working group</a> of the <a href="http://www.ietf.org">IETF</a> has finished (part of) its work on the interationalization of email addresses. This, together with Internationalized Domain Names (IDN) will make it possible to send email messages to non-7 bit ASCII addresses... There are 3 RFCs, covering changes to the SMTP protocol, e-mail message format and delivery Status Notifications. <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/89810_internationalized_email_addresses/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-09-08T10:15:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>multilinguism</category>
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		<item>
			<title>How Rise in Nationalism and Industry&apos;s Lack of Foresight Could Mean a Fragmented and Isolated Web</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/88267_nationalism_internationalized_domain_names/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/88267_nationalism_internationalized_domain_names/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[I have been thinking a lot lately on the topic of the free flow of information on the internet -- what kinds of tools are available now and in the future for governments (especially repressive ones) to control content, isolate their people and keep any contrary viewpoints censored. I had an interesting conversation with a Practice Lead from IFTF.org. <a href="http://iftf.org/">The Institute for the Future</a> (IFTF) is a California based independent, nonprofit research group with 40 years of experience in identifying emerging trends that will transform global society... Turns out they are quite concerned about the fragmentation and control of the Internet as well. But will it be an inevitability? <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/88267_nationalism_internationalized_domain_names/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-08-26T07:07:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>censorship</category><category>domain_names</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>policy_regulation</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Did We Miss ICANN&apos;s Reply?</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/idn_org_did_we_miss_icann_reply/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/idn_org_did_we_miss_icann_reply/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[On July 29, the Non-Commercial Users Constituency (NCUC) and Public Interest Registry (PIR) sent out a joint letter to <a href="http://www.icann.org">ICANN</a> asking it to consider the interests of the end-users as core to its policies in Internationalized Domain Names (IDN) implementation... As of today's date, August 21, 2008, we have yet to receive even an acknowledgement of receipt of our letter... <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/idn_org_did_we_miss_icann_reply/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-08-21T12:56:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>domain_names</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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		<item>
			<title>.ORG &amp;amp; NCUC Joint Letter to ICANN on Internationalized Domain Names</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/88710_org_ncuc_internationalized_domain_names/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/88710_org_ncuc_internationalized_domain_names/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[Recently we teamed up with the Non-Commercial Users Constituency (NCUC) to express our concern to ICANN that the rights and needs of end-users are taken into account in the discussion of Internationalized Domain Names (IDN). <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/88710_org_ncuc_internationalized_domain_names/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-08-07T10:00:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>domain_names</category><category>domain_registries</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>policy_regulation</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Gartner on New Generic Top Level Domains</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/87111_gartner_new_top_level_domains/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/87111_gartner_new_top_level_domains/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<a href="http://www.gartner.com/">Gartner</a>, the well known IT consulting company, <a href="http://gartner.com/DisplayDocument?doc_cd=159489">has published a report on the new top level domains</a> that will appear some time next year. The report totally misses the mark. In a pure US centric vision, it focuses on ".com" as the must-have TLD, totally overlooking the fact that a ".com" is mostly worthless e.g. in Germany, where ".de" is the TLD one must have to succeed locally... <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/87111_gartner_new_top_level_domains/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-07-11T12:22:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>dns</category><category>domain_names</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Internationalization of Malware Has Become a Difficult Challenge</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/internationalization_of_malware_challenge/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/internationalization_of_malware_challenge/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[Former malware analyst, Wes Brown, has reported on the growing internationalization of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malware">malware</a>. He writes: "In the past, an anti-malware company could focus on English-targeted samples. But an increasing percentage of malware samples are international in origin and targeting international machines. I saw numerous cases of Chinese malware targeting Chinese software or hosts. This was quite a challenge to determine if it was malware or not for several reasons." Brown further explains: "One of the most fascinating facets of the increasing internationalization of malware is the cultural assumptions around such software. What is considered malware in the US may be commonly accepted in China or Japan, and this is largely due to the society that it exists in." <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/internationalization_of_malware_challenge/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-07-06T08:33:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>security</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Bulgaria Applies for Top&#45;Level Domain .bg in Cyrillic Script</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/bulgaria_top_level_domain_cyrillic/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/bulgaria_top_level_domain_cyrillic/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[Bulgaria has submitted a letter to the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) for the Top-Level Domain (TLD) '.bg' in Cyrillic script as part of efforts to boost national pride amid a growing influence of English. Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has also called for his country to be assigned a Cyrillic TLD as the Kremlin is concerned that Russian, once the main language throughout the Soviet Union, is losing ground to local languages. <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/bulgaria_top_level_domain_cyrillic/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-06-23T14:03:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>dns</category><category>domain_names</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Unforeseen Legal Consequences of Implementing Internationalized Top&#45;Level Domains</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/86198_legal_consequences_internationalized_domains/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/86198_legal_consequences_internationalized_domains/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[ICANN is currently analyzing technical and policy implications regarding the introduction of Internationalized Top-Level Domains into the root. This is an important step in the continued evolution of the Internet by enabling language communities of the world that write non-Latin and extended Latin scripts to utilize their languages on the Internet... While the IDNC Working Group (IDNC) has made constructive progress on proposing a framework for the introduction of an initial set of IDN TLDs, the approach taken by the IDNC from a legal perspective is fundamentally flawed. <a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/86198_legal_consequences_internationalized_domains/">More...</a>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2008-06-19T08:58:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>dns</category><category>domain_names</category><category>multilinguism</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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