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		<title>CircleID: Access Providers</title>
		<link>http://www.circleid.com/topics/</link>
		<description>Latest Access Providers related postings on CircleID</description>
		
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:rights>Copyright 2012, unless where otherwise noted.</dc:rights>
		<dc:date>2012-02-11T13:09:00-08:00</dc:date>
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			<title>Iran Blocks HTTPS, 30 Million Reported Losing Email Access</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/iran_blocks_https_30_million_reported_losing_email_access/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/iran_blocks_https_30_million_reported_losing_email_access/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Iran is reported to have started blocking access to websites that use HTTPS and as a result making popular and secure online services as well as online banking sites inaccessible. An Iranian news agency reports that over 30 million people in the country have lost access to foreign email services such as Gmail, Yahoo mail and Hotmail. Anything based outside the country that uses a secure connection via HTTPS is blocked, according to news reports and a thread on Hacker News. Secure sites based within Iran are reportedly still accessible. The shutdown is said to be timed to coincide with the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran, and is believed to be temporary.
</p><p><strong>Read full story:</strong> <a href="http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/iran_blocks_https_gmail_google_yahoo.php">External Source</a></p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-02-11T13:09:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>censorship</category><category>email</category>
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			<title>ISPs Are Not Broadcasters, Says Supreme Court of Canada</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120210_isps_are_not_broadcasters_says_supreme_court_of_canada/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120210_isps_are_not_broadcasters_says_supreme_court_of_canada/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>The Supreme Court of Canada has ruled that Internet providers are not broadcasters for the purposes of the Broadcasting Act when they simply transmit content to subscribers, reports <a href="http://www.michaelgeist.ca/">Michael Geist</a>. The court <a href="http://scc.lexum.org/en/2012/2012scc4/2012scc4.html">noted</a>:
</p>
<p>
<em>The terms "broadcasting" and "broadcasting undertaking", interpreted in the context of the language and purposes of the Broadcasting Act, are not meant to capture entities which merely provide the mode of transmission. The Broadcasting Act makes it clear that "broadcasting undertakings" are assumed to have some measure of control over programming. ... When providing access to the Internet, which is the only function of ISPs placed in issue by the reference question, they take no part in the selection, origination, or packaging of content. The term "broadcasting undertaking" does not contemplate an entity with no role to play in contributing to the Act's policy objectives. Accordingly, ISPs do not carry on "broadcasting undertakings" under the Broadcasting Act when they provide access through the Internet to "broadcasting" requested by end‑users. </em>
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-02-10T08:13:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>law</category><category>policy_regulation</category>
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			<title>AT&amp;T&apos;s Randall &amp;amp; Stankey: Wireless Data Growth Half The FCC Prediction</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120131_att_randall_stankey_wireless_data_growth_half_the_fcc_prediction/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120131_att_randall_stankey_wireless_data_growth_half_the_fcc_prediction/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-size:85%;color:#666666;padding:0 0 2px 7px;margin:0 0 10px 10px;border-left:1px solid #ddd;width:200px;float:right;line-height:1.3em;"><img src="http://www.circleid.com/images/uploads/6354.jpg" border="0" width="200" height="315" style="display:block;margin-bottom:5px;" /><strong>John Stankey, President and CEO, AT&amp;T:</strong> "Data consumption right now is growing 40% a year."</span>40%, not 92%-120%. "Data consumption right now is growing 40% a year," John Stankey of AT&amp;T <a href="http://seekingalpha.com/article/317986-at-t-s-ceo-presents-at-citi-global-entertainment-media-telecommunications-conference-transcript">told investors</a> and his CEO Randall Stephenson confirmed on <a href="http://seekingalpha.com/article/322378-at-t-s-ceo-discusses-q4-2011-results-earnings-call-transcript">the investor call</a>. That's far less than the 92% predicted by Cisco's VNI model or the FCC's 120% to 2012 and 90% to 2013 figure in the <a href="http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-302324A1.pdf">"spectrum crunch" analysis</a>. AT&amp;T is easily a third of the U.S. mobile Internet and growing market share; there's no reason to think the result will be very different when we have data from others.
</p>
<p>
With growth rates less than half of the predictions, a data-driven FCC and Congress has no reason to rush to bad policy. Wireless technology is rapidly moving to sharing spectrum, whether in-building small cells, WiFi, White Spaces, Shared RAN or tools of what the engineers are calling <em>hetnets</em> &#8212; heterogenous networks. The last thing policymakers should do is tie up more spectrum for exclusive use; shared spectrum often yields three to ten times as much capacity.
</p>
<p>
Bad compromises on the video spectrum are unnecessary because plenty of spectrum is unused. That includes the 20 MHz that M2Z would be building out today if Julius hadn't blocked them; the 20 MHz the cable companies are sitting on and want to sell to Verizon; and the 30 MHz or so Stankey identifies as fallow at AT&amp;T.
</p>
<p>
40% growth is still substantial, but wireless technology is improving at a breathtaking pace. LTE has about 10x the capacity of 2.5G and 4x the capacity of 3G. LTE Advanced, deploying beginning 2013 at Verizon, is designed for 10x the capacity of LTE. Putting more spectrum to use would be great, but let's do it right.
</p>
<p>
Wireless speeds are actually going up dramatically, with AT&amp;T delivering 2-5 megabits to most of the country and Verizon's LTE delivering 5-12 megabits to 2/3rds of the population. Verizon is ahead of schedule to bring 5 megabits+ to 92% of the country in 2013 and 96-98% in 2015-2016. AT&amp;T and Sprint have raised capex to catch up. 80%+ of the U.S. will have a 5 megabit offering in 2013-2014, 90%+ by 2015 or sooner. That's without any additional spectrum.
</p>
<p>
Today's wireless networks are designed to be shared: towers, WiFi, White Spaces, DAS and small cells all working together. The best engineers in the world are working on RAN sharing, SON, hetnets, 8x8 MIMO and techniques I'm writing about in my next book, Gigabit Wireless. AT&amp;T in fact is one of the world leaders in DAS, WiFi and femtos and behind the scenes a key thought leader. There's wonderfully exciting stuff I'll be doing my best to translate for non-engineers.
</p>
<p>
<em>Takeaway:</em> The future is sharing the airwaves so let's get the policy right.
</p><p><em>Written by <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/3232/">Dave Burstein</a>, Editor, DSL Prime</em></p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-31T13:36:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>broadband</category><category>mobile</category><category>policy_regulation</category><category>telecom</category><category>white_space</category><category>wireless</category>
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			<title>BT Working on 300Mbps Residential Pilot Project</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120130_bt_working_on_300mbps_residential_pilot_project/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120130_bt_working_on_300mbps_residential_pilot_project/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Openreach, the lead deployment arm of BT, has issued an announcement asking residents and landlords of apartment blocks to join a pilot project that will eventually bring broadband download speeds of up to 300Mbps to residents.
</p>
<p>
"Participants will gain access to Openreach’s Fibre to the Premises (FTTP) technology which delivers super-fast broadband speeds," <a href="http://www.btplc.com/news/articles/showarticle.cfm?articleid=%7bbe4f74e9-e939-4aa8-b8a6-ac4a5140ecad%7d">says Openreach</a>. "End users will initially have access to downstream speeds of up to 100Mb/s but these will rise to give users the option of up to 300Mb/s in the spring of this year, the fastest commercially available speeds in the UK for a residential connection. Upstream speeds will also be the fastest in the UK."
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-30T12:43:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>broadband</category>
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			<title>Protests Erupt Over EU&apos;s Anti&#45;Counterfeiting Trade Agreement</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/protests_erupt_over_eus_anti_counterfeiting_trade_agreement/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/protests_erupt_over_eus_anti_counterfeiting_trade_agreement/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>In <a href="http://www.michaelgeist.ca/content/view/6269/125/">a blog post</a> today, Michael Geist writes: "The reverberations from the SOPA fight continue to be felt in the U.S. and elsewhere (mounting Canadian concern that Bill C-11 could be amended to adopt SOPA-like rules), but it is the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement that has captured increasing attention this week. Several months after the majority of ACTA participants signed the agreement, most European Union countries formally signed the agreement yesterday (notable exclusions include Germany, the Netherlands, Estonia, Cyprus and Slovakia). This has generated a flurry of furious protest..."
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-27T10:24:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>censorship</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>law</category><category>policy_regulation</category>
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			<title>NORDUnet&apos;s Brilliant Internet Peering Strategy</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120126_nordunets_brilliant_internet_peering_strategy/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120126_nordunets_brilliant_internet_peering_strategy/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-size:85%;color:#666666;padding:0 0 2px 7px;margin:0 0 10px 10px;border-left:1px solid #ddd;width:250px;float:right;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="http://www.circleid.com/images/uploads/6337.jpg"><img src="http://www.circleid.com/images/uploads/6337.jpg" border="0" style="display:block;margin-bottom:10px;width:250px;" /></a>Map Showing NORDUnet's 2011 completion of network expansion by taking a third connection to the US in production.<br />(<a href="http://www.circleid.com/images/uploads/6337.jpg">Click to Enlarge</a>)</span>NORDUnet, the R&amp;E network connecting the Nordic countries has recently undertaken a brilliant Internet peering strategy that will have global significant ramifications for supporting research and education around the world.
</p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.nordu.net/">NORDUnet</a> is now emerging as one of the world's first "GREN"s &#8212; Global Research and Education Network. NORDUnet is extending their network infrastructure to multiple points of presence throughout the USA and Europe to interconnect to major Internet Exchange Points (IXPs). This will allow them to negotiate as a Tier 1 Internet service provider and exchange traffic with other global commercial Tier 1 Internet transit providers. NORDUnet is also playing a global leadership role by extending this service offering, on a shared cost basis, to NRENs such as SURFnet (Netherlands), PIONIER (Poland) and perhaps others.
</p>
<p>
Many network operators ask why they should build an extensive peering network when transit prices are only marginally more expensive than peering (and still dropping)? The NORDUnet engineering team are one of the first to understand that Internet peering is not about cost comparison between peering and transit pricing.
</p>
<p>
Most universities (as well as consumers and business) have a fixed budget for Internet connectivity. So regardless of traffic volumes they can only spend so much money for Internet transit. As result many institutions cap traffic volumes to commercial transit providers. But peering traffic is done on a settlement free basis and therefore traffic volumes are not linearly related to cost. Many NRENs have discovered that content peering traffic has a huge benefit for their connected institutions in stabilizing costs without restricting use of the network. On some NRENs, content peering traffic is now 90% of their overall traffic volume. By connecting to the major IXPs in the USA, NORDUnet can eliminate purchase of virtually all transit traffic. Traffic volumes are expected to immediately jump because now institutions will not have to cap formerly transit traffic.
</p>
<p>
This arrangement will have a huge benefit for the research community as more and more computational research is done on commercial clouds in the US. NORDUnet realizes, that despite concerns about US Patriot Act, researchers are voting with their wallets and using commercial cloud providers and value added cloud providers in the US. Many research disciplines, especially genomics and bio-informatics are being increasingly dependent on commercial application providers, because they have the necessary tools critical to their research. Numerous bioinformatics companies, like SoftGenetics, DNAStar, DNAnexus and NextBio, have sprung up to as they have found life sciences a fertile market for products that handle large amounts of information. Access to these commercial organizations through the commercial Internet or Open Lightpath Exchanges is essential for the future of research.
</p>
<p>
This initiative by NORDUNet will have profound implications for the future of the Internet and data intensive science. The obvious next step after exchanging peering traffic is also to use this links for dynamic lightpaths and virtual networks for large data flows. It is no surprise that networks like NORDUNet and SURFnet are also leading the developments of dynamic optical networking through GLIF. The other important development is for other NRENs to build similar global links and exchange peering routes so collectively they can represent themselves as a global Tier 1 and finally eliminate the archaic telco business models that currently dominate the Internet. This will significant benefits for those NRENs who are deploying community IXPs and can extend the benefits of content peering to community anchors and support community broadband developments.
</p>
<p>
Peering traffic also goes hand in hand with dynamic optical networks and GOLEs. Some NRENs are under pressure by some large institutions threatening to leave. Some institutions think that by directly connecting to a GOLE and purchasing commercial Internet for the balance of their traffic is all they need for R&amp;E connectivity But peering dramatically changes the balance as it is a service and business model that is not available from commercial providers. The cost savings are dramatic for the connected institution and it does not cripple researchers accessing commercial research services such as clouds because of traffic caps.
</p>
<p>
Once again, NRENs and GRENs are demonstrating their important role in redefining the critical role of the Internet and creating new opportunities for the global informational economy. Kudos to NORDUnet.
</p><p><em>Written by <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/6607/">Bill St. Arnaud </a>, Green IT Networking Consultant</em></p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-26T15:52:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>broadband</category>
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			<title>Exporting SOPA&#45;Like Rules to Other Countries</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/exporting_sopa_like_rules_to_other_countries/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/exporting_sopa_like_rules_to_other_countries/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>"While SOPA may be dead (for now) in the U.S., lobby groups are likely to intensify their efforts to export SOPA-like rules to other countries," says Michael Geist in a blog post today.
</p>
<p>
Geist <a href="http://www.michaelgeist.ca/content/view/6257/125/">writes</a>: "With Bill C-11 back on the legislative agenda at the end of the month, Canada will be a prime target for SOPA style rules. In fact, a close review of the unpublished submissions to the Bill C-32 legislative committee reveals that several groups have laid the groundwork to add SOPA-like rules into Bill C-11, including blocking websites and expanding the 'enabler provision' to target a wider range of websites. Given the reaction to SOPA in the U.S., where millions contacted their elected representatives to object to rules that threatened their Internet and digital rights, the political risks inherent in embracing SOPA-like rules are significant."
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-23T12:58:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>censorship</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>law</category>
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			<title>Verisign to Award New Infrastructure Research Grants</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120117_verisign_to_award_new_infrastructure_research_grants/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120117_verisign_to_award_new_infrastructure_research_grants/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>VeriSign, Inc. today announced the expansion of a grant program designed to promote cutting-edge research into strengthening and improving the Internet's global infrastructure. This year's program will focus specifically on fostering infrastructure improvements that support safe and secure Internet access for users around the globe, especially in the developing world.
</p>
<p>
In July 2012 Verisign will award two $200,000 grants to the researchers who submit the most compelling proposals focused on the infrastructural and access challenges facing developers, service providers and most importantly, users in the developing world and elsewhere. The 2012 grants represent a continuation and expansion of a successful grants program that concluded in October 2011. Full details of the grant program, including details on how to apply, are available at <a href="http://www.verisigninc.com/grants">www.verisigninc.com/grants</a>.
</p>
<p>
"The continuing success of the Internet's global expansion will hinge on the existence of robust, secure and constantly improving core infrastructure," said Dr. Burt Kaliski, Jr., senior vice president and chief technology officer of Verisign. "Verisign has always been committed to upholding the stability and security of the Internet and is proud to support the research that will keep the infrastructure strong for the next billion Internet users in the developing world."
</p>
<p>
Verisign launched the Infrastructure Grant Program in 2010 to coincide with a yearlong celebration of the 25th Anniversary of .Com. In the inaugural program, Verisign awarded four $75,000 grants (for a total of $300,000) to university researchers to support compelling infrastructure research projects. That program concluded in October 2011, when the four winning researchers presented their findings at a grant symposium at the Newseum in Washington, D.C.
</p>
<p>
Building off of the success of the inaugural program, Verisign has both increased the size and narrowed the focus of the grants in 2012, soliciting research that focuses on the infrastructural and access challenges faced by users in the developing world and elsewhere.
</p>
<p>
To judge the grant submissions, and determine the final grant awardees, Verisign is assembling a blue ribbon panel of experts who have played leading roles in developing the policies and technology that have supported the Internet's growth. The full list of judges will be posted in the coming weeks.
</p>
<p>
Verisign will announce the winners of the 2012 Infrastructure grants in summer 2012.
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-17T13:34:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>security</category>
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			<title>Kuala Lumpur Mandates WiFi for All Restaurants and Bars</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/kuala_lumpur_mandates_wifi_for_all_restaurants_and_bars/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/kuala_lumpur_mandates_wifi_for_all_restaurants_and_bars/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>A new law passed in Malaysia's largest city, Kuala Lumpur, this month will require all food and beverage outlets to provide wireless internet access to customers by April of this year. The law makes WiFi access for customers a requirement for food operators when applying for a new license for a restaurant or renewing an existing license. Cafes, pubs, bars and club lounges are also required to provide WiFi services, the mayor of Kuala Lumpur, Tan Sri Fuad Ismail, <a href="http://www.voanews.com/english/news/asia/Kuala-Lumpur-Mandates-WiFi-for-All-Restaurants-137450088.html">was quoted as saying</a> to a Malaysian newspaper recently.
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-17T11:20:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category>
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			<title>China&apos;s Internet Users Pass Half a Billion</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/chinas_internet_users_pass_half_a_billion/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/chinas_internet_users_pass_half_a_billion/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>The number of Chinese Internet users has surpassed 500 million, with nearly half of them using microblogs, or Weibo, according to <a href="http://www.globaltimes.cn/NEWS/tabid/99/ID/692453/Half-of-500m-Web-users-are-microbloggers.aspx">latest official figures</a>. About 55.8 million Chinese people became new Internet users last year, bringing the country’s Web population to 513 million, representing an Internet penetration rate of 38.3 percent, according to a report released by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC).
</p>
<p>
The Internet usage rate among people aged between 10 and 29 has been growing rapidly while those aged between 30 and 39 are viewed as main force behind access growth.
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-17T10:56:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>web</category>
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			<title>Carriers Skirting Rules on Network Neutrality vs. Free&apos;s Innovative Network</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/carriers_skirting_rules_on_network_neutrality_vs_frees_innovative_network/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/carriers_skirting_rules_on_network_neutrality_vs_frees_innovative_network/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>From will they ever learn department, we are once again seeing attempts by incumbent carriers to skirt rules around network neutrality.
</p>
<p>
They tried and failed with UBB. Now they are at it again with "speed boost" technologies. The two technologies at question are Verizon's "<em>Turbo</em>&#8221; service and Roger's "<em>SpeedBoost</em>&#8221;. There are very few technical details, but it appears in the former case that users will be able to purchase additional instantaneous bandwidth to the detriment of other users on the same shared service. Whether this will make a difference to actual throughput is another matter because the slow video may be due to server problems and not network congestion. And if you are in elevator with very poor connectivity, you will unlikely get any faster download speed, no matter how many times you press the turbo button. But will Verizon give you a credit if you don't get the advertised speed boost? I doubt it. Similarly the Rogers' service, while still free, seems to imply faster speeds if they detect you are streaming a video, particularly from their own on-line service. Will users who are not streaming video, but using other real time applications get the same benefit such as VoIP or Telepresence? I doubt it.
</p>
<p>
The carriers continue to have this brain dead idea that bandwidth is a scarce resource &#8212; which is only true to the extent that were the ones who created this artificial scarcity. Building a business case around an artificial scarcity is as stupid as trying to make a premium market from air we breathe. Customers aren't interested in buying bandwidth or quality of service to enhance their user experience. Just as with electricity they want and expect that just about any appliance or application will simply work &#8212; with no need for special speed boosts and other gimmicks. Imagine negotiating with the electric utility for a little extra power when you needed to turn on your stove or TV.
</p>
<p>
It is last mile packet loss which has the biggest impact on the customer's user experience &#8212; NOT bandwidth or congestion. The Internet (TCP/IP) is designed so that packet loss is used as a signaling tool to reduce packet throughput. Regardless of where the packet loss occurs the Internet is designed to slow down any data stream, that is affected by a lost packet. However the rate to which a data stream is slowed down is greatly dependent on distance. This is why moving caching boxes as close as possible to the user affects end-to- end throughput, particularly if there is ongoing packet loss.
</p>
<p>
Although bandwidth and congestion can be a factors affecting packet loss, there are much more clever ways of reducing the impact of packet loss, especially in wireless environments. There are two much simpler solutions. The first is to locate caching/cloud servers as close as possible to the end users. Something that companies like Akamai and Google do already &#8212; at no charge to the carrier. Decreasing wireless distance from the wireless node is the other critical factor. This is why integrating WiFi with 3G/4G is so important.
</p>
<p>
A good example of a carrier that "gets it" is Free.FR in France. Free.FR <a href="http://gigaom.com/2012/01/09/how-frances-free-will-reinvent-mobile/">is redefining</a> what the idea of a carrier in the 21st century is, thanks to these innovations I have been talking about and pioneered by R&amp;E networks like SURFnet. Integrating a blend of Wi-Fi, 3G and its all-fiber backbone, Free will offer unlimited voice, texting and data over the mobile networks. Free.fr deploys their own set-top box for automatically sharing a portion of one's broadband connection via Wi-Fi with other Free.fr customers. Over five million set-top boxes means Free.fr has a free Wi-Fi cloud covering major cities such as Paris. Even when away from home, you can easily get broadband instead of resorting to an expensive 3G network. Their set top box will also allow extreme local caching, to further enhance the user mobile experience. This is the future of broadband. Not silly gimmicks like TurboBoost or SpeedBoost.
</p><p><em>Written by <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/6607/">Bill St. Arnaud </a>, Green IT Networking Consultant</em></p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-11T11:09:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>broadband</category><category>cloud_computing</category><category>iptv</category><category>telecom</category><category>voip</category>
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			<title>Comcast Announces Completion of DNSSEC Deployment</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/comcast_announces_completion_of_dnssec_deployment/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/comcast_announces_completion_of_dnssec_deployment/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Comcast, a leading ISP in the U.S., has fully deployed Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC) according to a company announcement today. Jason Livingood, Comcast's Vice President of Internet Systems <a href="http://blog.comcast.com/2012/01/comcast-completes-dnssec-deployment.html">writes</a>: "As of today, over 17.8M residential customers of our Xfinity Internet service are using DNSSEC-validating DNS servers. In addition, all of the domain names owned by Comcast, numbering over 5,000, have been cryptographically signed. All of our servers, both the ones that customers use and the ones authoritative for our domain names, also fully support IPv6."
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-10T11:55:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>dns</category><category>dnssec</category><category>security</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Vint Cerf: Internet Access Not a Human Right But Only Means to an End</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/vint_cerf_internet_access_not_a_human_right_but_only_means_to_an_end/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/vint_cerf_internet_access_not_a_human_right_but_only_means_to_an_end/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Technologies such as the Internet should be viewed as enabler of rights, not a right itself says <a href="http://www.icann.org/en/biog/cerf.htm">Vint Cerf</a> (<a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/1177">CircleID</a>) in an <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/05/opinion/internet-access-is-not-a-human-right.html">op-ed piece</a> in The New York Times. He writes: "The best way to characterize human rights is to identify the outcomes that we are trying to ensure. These include critical freedoms like freedom of speech and freedom of access to information &#8212; and those are not necessarily bound to any particular technology at any particular time. Indeed, even the United Nations report, which was widely hailed as declaring Internet access a human right, acknowledged that the Internet was valuable as a means to an end, not as an end in itself."
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-05T12:49:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>broadband</category><category>internet_governance</category>
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		<item>
			<title>Breaking the DNS: Another Look at How SOPA Could Be Destructive</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120105_breaking_the_dns_another_look_at_how_sopa_could_be_destructive/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120105_breaking_the_dns_another_look_at_how_sopa_could_be_destructive/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.circleid.com/images/uploads/6262.jpg" border="0" width="308" height="225" style="float:right;padding:0 0 5px 15px;" />While the Stop Online Piracy Act (also known as SOPA or the E-Parasite Act) doesn't specifically define how ISPs should technically go about this, it does seem to indicate that an ISP should capture, redirect and modify DNS query/response pairs to ensure that a downstream user does not access the site. There's a number of ways to "remove support" from a foreign infringing website at the DNS level, so we'll take a look at the techniques that could be used at all the layers of the DNS and why some are more destructive than others.
</p>
<p>
<strong>There is the domain registration itself, which signals existence of a domain into the appropriate top-level domain's DNS zone.</strong>
</p>
<p>
For example, if the domain "example.com" was a foreign infringing site, a law enforcement agency could petition Verisign (the registry operator of the .com TLD) to remove the relevant DNS records that provide the delegation for example.com. In fact, this type of behavior isn't SOPA specific and our current judicial framework permits this to happen today.
</p>
<p>
One should note that the impact of such a suspension would have a worldwide impact. All users of the domain name would no longer be able to access services offered by that domain.
</p>
<p>
<strong>There's the authoritative DNS service for example.com which could be terminated.</strong>
</p>
<p>
A delegation for example.com is made from Verisign to the domain's authoritative DNS provider to a company such as Dyn. If a foreign infringing site were to be supported by a U.S. authoritative DNS provider, law enforcement could petition the authoritative DNS provider to remove support for the domain by terminating authoritative DNS service. Again, this would cause a worldwide suspension of services for the domain, but unlike a registry level termination, the alleged infringer could move services to another authoritative DNS provider and continue doing whatever he/she was doing utilizing the newly acquired authoritative DNS service.
</p>
<p>
<strong>There's recursive DNS interception, redirection and alteration (which is the primary technique contemplated by SOPA) that would be implemented at the ISP level.</strong>
</p>
<p>
Unlike TLD and domain authoritative nameservers (of which any set are under the same common administrative control, i.e. Dyn), recursive DNS servers are deployed Internet wide in clusters throughout ISPs. Under SOPA, U.S. ISPs would be required to accept an additional "feed" of data which would include a list of known or alleged domains participating in foreign infringement.
</p>
<p>
The feed would be used to block DNS queries made for foreign infringing domains and would remove U.S. access of these domains for users of U.S. ISPs. The feed could be incorporated into DNS using a variety of techniques including deep packet inspection (DPZ), a software interface such as BIND's Response Policy Zones (RPZ) or even by creating false zones in the recursive DNS servers view.
</p>
<p>
<strong>From Dyn's perspective, the third option &#8212; ISP-based DNS query manipulation &#8212; is the most hazardous to the health of the global DNS.</strong>
</p>
<p>
Implementing such a solution breaks the distributed tree of authority concept used by the DNS by "injecting" U.S. nationalized pieces of DNS policy into the system. ISPs around the United States would become responsible for implementing, maintaining and monitoring these SOPA feeds into their DNS infrastructures, creating an additional layer of operational complexity for their DNS operations. Additionally, since not all DNS systems permit the inclusion of external data feeds to support local policy, many operators would be required to upgrade the recursive DNS infrastructures in significant ways.
</p>
<p>
There's a number of conditions that could occur where a SOPA-fed recursive DNS server could hand back incorrect DNS data or be circumvented all together. If an ISP were to have issues pulling the SOPA feed or clearing domains from the SOPA list, a single domain could be blacklisted in the United States when it is perfectly legal to be used. If the source of a SOPA feed were to ever be compromised, an attacker could take critical Internet infrastructure domains offline by adding them to the feed (i.e. root-servers.net).
</p>
<p>
Savvy users could simply bypass a SOPA-enabled recursive DNS server by pointing their DNS settings to an off-shore recursive DNS server. Technically savvy networks might respond by blocking port 53 externally or by hijacking port 53 traffic on their network to their SOPA-enabled recursive DNS resolvers. Anyone want to bring Net Neutrality into this discussion? What would happen to users if an infringer decided to setup a "free, non-SOPA" recursive DNS server for users to use &#8212; one that additionally hijacked legitimate banking, ecommerce and business websites, too?
</p>
<p>
<strong>It is Dyn's opinion that the technical implementation techniques contemplated by SOPA do more damage to the global DNS than help solve the problem it aims to tackle.</strong> There are existing law enforcement techniques available to deal with copyright infringement today at the registry level, so we ask why are they not being effectively utilized? Must we resort to breaking the DNS?
</p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-05T09:00:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>censorship</category><category>dns</category><category>policy_regulation</category>
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		<item>
			<title>CircleID&apos;s Top Ten Posts of 2011</title>
			<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120103_circleid_top_ten_posts_of_2011/</guid>
			<link>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20120103_circleid_top_ten_posts_of_2011/</link>
			<description><![CDATA[<p>Listed below are the top ten most popular news, blogs, and industry updates featured on CircleID in 2011 based on the overall readership of the posts for the year. Congratulations to all the participants whose posts reached top readership and best wishes to the entire community for 2012. Happy New Year!
</p>
<p>
<strong>Top 10 <a href="http://www.circleid.com/blogs/">Featured Blogs</a> in 2011:</strong>
</p>
<ol><li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/a_fairness_scorecard_for_trademark_protection_under_the_new_gtlds/">A Fairness 'Scorecard' for Trademark Protection Under the New gTLDs</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/949/">Konstantinos Komaitis</a>, Feb 23, 2011 (33,350 views)</em></em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/ip_addressing_in_the_new_age_of_scarcity/">IP Addressing in the New Age of Scarcity</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/5090/">Peter Thimmesch</a>, May 27, 2011 (21,563 views)</em></em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110803_smartphones_too_smart_for_mobile_operators/">Smartphones: Too Smart for Mobile Operators?</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/3994/">Henry Lancaster</a>, Aug 03, 2011 (21,144 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110318_on_mandated_content_blocking_in_the_domain_name_system/">On Mandated Content Blocking in the Domain Name System</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/620/">Paul Vixie</a>, Mar 18, 2011 (16,315 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110427_court_approves_nortels_sale_of_ipv4_addresses_to_microsoft/">Court Approves Nortel's Sale of IPv4 Addresses to Microsoft</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/5141/">Benson Schliesser</a>, Apr 27, 2011 (13,173 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/the_design_of_the_domain_name_system_part_viii_names_outside_the_dns/">The Design of the Domain Name System, Part VIII - Names Outside the DNS</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/1015/">John Levine</a>, Sep 17, 2011 (12,399 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110407_top_public_dns_resolvers_compared/">Top Public DNS Resolvers Compared</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/5531/">Michael Meisel</a>, Apr 07, 2011 (12,217 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/why_lawsuit_against_xxx_maybe_the_best_sales_tool_for_new_gtld_applicants/">Why the Lawsuit Against .XXX Maybe the Best Sales Tool Ever For New gTLD Applicants</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/5282/">Michael Berkens</a>, Nov 17, 2011 (9,466 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/independence_and_security_online_have_not_yet_been_won/">Independence and Security Online Have Not Yet Been Won</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/3725/">Mike Dailey</a> Jul 03, 2011 (9,373 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110301_comcasts_impressive_system_for_notifying_infected_users/">Comcast’s Impressive System for Notifying Infected Users</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/3217/">J.D. Falk</a>, Mar 01, 2011 (9,216 views)</em></li></ol>
<p>
<strong>Top 10 <a href="http://www.circleid.com/news/">News</a> in 2011:</strong>
</p>
<ol><li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110619_new_top_level_domains_are_approved_<em>By_icann/">New Top-Level Domains Approved <em>By ICANN</a>
<br />
Jun 19, 2011 (44,312 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110318_icann_approves_xxx/">ICANN Approves .XXX</a>
<br />
Mar 18, 2011 (20,936 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110525_experts_urge_congress_to_reject_proposed_dns_filtering_protect_ip/">Experts Urge Congress to Reject DNS Filtering from PROTECT IP Act, Serious Technical Concerns Raised</a>
<br />
May 26, 2011 (12,284 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/microsoft_offers_75_million_to_buy_666624_ipv4_addresses/">Microsoft Offers $7.5 Million to Buy 666,624 IPv4 Addresses</a>
<br />
Mar 25, 2011 (9,600 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/egyptian_government_shuts_down_most_internet_and_cell_services/">Egyptian Government Shuts Down Most Internet and Cell Services</a>
<br />
Jan 28, 2011 (3,988 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/us_government_domain_seizure_results_in_unintended_shutdown/">US Government Domain Seizure Results in Unintended Shutdown of Thousands of Websites</a>
<br />
Feb 16, 2011 (3,962 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/jd_falk_1974_2011/">J.D. Falk: 1974 - 2011</a>
<br />
Nov 17, 2011 (3,918 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110120_cybercriminals_shifting_focus_from_windows_pc_to_others_mobile/">Cybercriminals Shifting Focus From Windows PCs to Other Systems and Mobile</a>
<br />
Jan 20, 2011 (3,823 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/researchers_report_new_of_detecting_domain_fluxing/">Researchers Report New Method for Detecting Domain-Fluxing</a>
<br />
Mar 28, 2011 (3,633 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110318_microsoft_federal_agencies_take_down_rustock_botnet/">Microsoft, Federal Agencies Take Down Rustock Botnet</a>
<br />
Mar 18, 2011 (3,607 views)</em></li></ol>
<p>
<strong><a href="http://some-site.com/">Top 10 <a href="http://www.circleid.com/industry/">Industry News</a> in 2011 (sponsored posts):</a></strong>
</p>
<ol><li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110215_google_says_think_mobile_and_then_gomobi/">Google Says "Think Mobile" ...and then goMobi</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/1975/">dotMobi</a>, Feb 15, 2011 (6,120 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110401_the_botnet_counterfeit_drugs_connection/">The Botnet-Counterfeit Drugs Connection</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/3844/">MarkMonitor</a>, Apr 01, 2011 (4,928 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110319_new_gtld_timeline_announced_and_xxx_approved/">New gTLD Timeline Announced and .XXX Approved</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/3844/">MarkMonitor</a> (4,253 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110214_second_half_2010_dashboard_domain_name_report_released/">Second Half 2010 "Dashboard" Domain Name Report - Released</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/1858/">PIR</a>, Feb 14, 2011 (3,666 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/markmonitor_report_how_scammers_generate_traffic_counterfeit_goods_online/">MarkMonitor Report: How Scammers Generate Significant Traffic Promoting Suspected Counterfeit Goods</a>
<br />
<em>By MarkMonitor, Feb 01, 2011 (3,536 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110314_ausregistry_int_crowell_moring_join_forces_new_top_level_domains/">AusRegistry Int. and Crowell &amp; Moring Join Forces to Support New Top-Level Domain Applicants</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/4770/">ARI Registry Services</a>, Mar 14, 2011 (3,507 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110617_celebrity_marketing_guru_jeffrey_hayzlett_to_promote_new_tlds/">Celebrity Marketing Guru Jeffrey Hayzlett to Promote New TLDs for AusRegistry International</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/4770/">ARI Registry Services</a>, Jun 17, 2011 (3,472 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110717_minds_machines_parent_company_tldh_appoints_peter_dengate_thrush/">Minds + Machines’ Parent Company, TLDH, Appoints Peter Dengate Thrush as Executive Chairman</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/5703/">Minds + Machines</a>, Jul 17, 2011 (3,457 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110302_dnssec_is_just_the_beginning/">DNSSEC is Just the Beginning</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/4684/">.CO Internet</a>, Mar 02, 2011 (3,421 views)</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.circleid.com/posts/20110111_landrush_for_new_domain_extension_grcom/">Landrush for New Domain Extension - .GR.COM</a>
<br />
<em>By <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/5387/">CentralNic</a>, Jan 11, 2011 (3,421 views)</em></li></ol><p><em>Written by <a href="http://www.circleid.com/members/501/">CircleID Reporter</a></em></p>]]></description>
			<dc:date>2012-01-03T07:53:00-08:00</dc:date>
			<category>internet</category><category>access_providers</category><category>broadband</category><category>dns</category><category>dnssec</category><category>domain_names</category><category>icann</category><category>internet_governance</category><category>ip_addressing</category><category>ipv6</category><category>law</category><category>malware</category><category>mobile</category><category>policy_regulation</category><category>top_level_domains</category>
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